지난 6월 30일부터 아제르바이잔 바쿠 의회 센터에서 개최된 제43차 세계유산위원회가 7월 10일 오전(바쿠 현지시간 기준) 폐막했다.
이번 위원회에서는 우리나라 <한국의 서원>을 포함하여 문화유산 24건, 복합유산 1건, 자연유산 4건 등 총 29건 유산이 새롭게 세계유산에 등재되었고, 1건은 확장 등재되었다. 이로써 문화유산 869건, 자연유산 213건, 복합유산 39건으로 세계유산은 총 1,121건이 되었다.
<한국의 서원>은 7월 6일 오후(바쿠 현지시간 기준)에 세계유산목록에 등재되었으며, 문화재청(청장 정재숙)은 등재 직후 앞으로 지방 정부와 적극적으로 협력하여 9개 서원들에 대한 통합 보존 관리를 추진하겠다는 의지를 밝혔다.
한편, 우리나라를 비롯한 여러 국가의 전문가들이 복원에 참여하고 있는 미얀마의 불교유적인 <바간 Bagan> 유적과 1983년 세계유산위원회 ‘반려’ 권고를 받은 이후에도 오랜 기간 등재를 위해 노력해온 이라크의 <바빌론 Babylon> 유적이 이번에 마침내 등재가 결정되면서 많은 국가의 축하와 관심을 받았다.
아시아권에서는, 중국에서 신청한 <황해-보하이만 연안의 철새 보호구(1단계) Migratory bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China(PhaseⅠ)>가 자연유산 분야 등재 자문기구인 IUCN(세계자연보전연맹)으로부터 ‘반려(Defer)’를 권고받았으나, 오스트레일리아 등 17개 위원국이 공동 발의한 수정안이 승인되어 이례적으로 최종 ‘등재’ 결정되었다. 중국은 올해 2건의 세계유산 등재에 성공해 이탈리아와 함께 가장 많은 55건의 세계유산을 보유하게 되었다. 일본의 <모즈-후루이치 고분군 : 고대 일본의 무덤 Mozu-Furuichi Kofun Group : Mounded Tombs of Ancient Japan>도 등재되었다.
* 자문기구 ‘권고’ 종류: 등재, 보류, 반려, 등재불가
한편, 개최국인 아제르바이잔은 2016년 제41차 세계유산위원회에서 ‘보류’되었던 <칸의 궁전 및 셰키의 역사지구 Historic Centre of Sheki with Khan’s Palace>를 재신청하여 등재에 성공하였다. 또한, 오스트리아, 독일, 헝가리의 <로마 제국의 국경 - 다뉴브 라임스 Frontiers of the Roman Empire - The Danube Limes>는 헝가리 정부에서 계획 중인 부다페스트 인근 개발계획에 따라 유산의 범위를 조정할 필요성이 인정되면서 자문기구의 ‘등재’ 권고에도 불구하고 ‘보류’로 하향 결정하였다.
한편, 위원회에서는 ’위험에 처한 세계유산‘의 등재가 유산의 보존 방안을 마련하고 지원을 확대하기 위해 마련된 제도임을 강조하였다. 멕시코의 <캘리포니아 만의 섬과 보호지역 Island and Protected Areas of the Gulf of California>이 고유한 돌고래종(바키타)의 멸종 위기와 해양 어종의 보존 상태에 대한 심각한 우려 등 유산의 탁월한 보편적 가치(OUV)와 완전성에 위험이 있다는 사유로 ‘위험에 처한 세계유산’ 목록에 등재되었다. 기존 목록에 올라있던 칠레의 <움베르스톤과 산타 라우라 초석 작업장 Humberstone and Sante Laura Saltpeter Works>과 팔레스타인의 <예수 탄생지：예수 탄생 교회와 순례길, 베들레헴 Birthplace of Jesus: Church of the Nativity and the Pilgrimage Route>은 세계유산센터와 자문기구의 적극적인 의견 교환을 통해 보호 관리 체계를 강화한 점 등이 인정되면서 이번에 ‘위험에 처한 세계유산’ 목록에서 제외되었다. 이로써 '위험에 처한 세계유산‘은 53건이 되었다.
그리고, 세계유산 협약의 이행과 관련된 정책 논의에서는 자문기구와 위원회 간 최종 결정의 격차를 해소하기 위해 노력해야 한다는 결정문이 채택되었고, 촉박한 현재의 심사 일정 연장, 사전심사 절차 도입 등의 대안이 제안되기도 하였다.
또한, 세계유산센터 및 자문기구의 활동보고를 통해 각 국가와 전문가, 일반인 등의 세계유산에 대한 이해를 높이기 위한 다양한 역량강화 사업이 보고되었으며, 자문기구와 각 국가에서는 다양한 부대행사(Side event)도 열었다. 우리나라는 지난 5일 유네스코 한국위원회가 주관하고 외교부가 후원한「세계유산의 해석과 문화 간 화해(World Heritage Interpretation and Reconciliation of Culture)」를 주제로 한 학술행사를 개최하였고, 세계유산센터에서는 「세계유산 정책지침 2단계 개발사업」과 관련한 부대행사를 열어 사업의 성과를 공유하고 현재 구축중인 누리집을 시연하는 행사를 가졌다. 이 자리에는 누리집 구축을 후원한 대한민국과 정책 지침 집필을 후원한 오스트레일리아 정부가 특별히 초청되었으며, 문화재청은 이 사업을 통한 세계유산 분야 관리자의 역량 강화에 대한 기대와 사업 후원자인 ‘문화유산국민신탁’과 ‘LG생활건강’에 대한 감사를 표하였다.
또한, 문화재청은 ICCROM(국제문화재보존복구연구센터)과 IUCN에서 공동으로 진행하고 있는 「세계유산 리더십 프로그램」을 노르웨이와 함께 지원하고 있는데, 고구려고분군 보존사업을 비롯한 세계유산신탁기금 사업의 우리나라 기여에 대해 세계유산센터 업무보고, 제2차 정기보고 후속조치 보고 등을 통해 여러 번 언급되었다.
한편, 등재된 유산에 대한 보존현황의 점검 보고도 있었다. 우리나라가 속한 아시아‧태평양 지역의 정기보고는 2020년 9월부터 약 1년간 이루어지고, 결과는 2022년 세계유산위원회에서 검토될 예정인데, 우리나라는 앞으로 실무진 워크숍도 지원할 계획이다.
중국의 푸저우에서 개최하기로 결정된 내년 제44차 세계유산위원회에서도 세계유산 등재와 보존관리 방안에 대한 결정뿐 아니라 등재 절차 개선 등이 논의될 예정이다.
- by In-Souk Cho
- World Heritage Committee Orientation session
30 June 2019 16:00~18:00 @ Convention Center Baku
(video clip: 29 May 2019 UNESCO)
30 June 2019 20:00
- Grand opening of the 43rd session of the World Heritage Committee
@Heydar Aliyev Center (Heydər Əliyev Mərkəzi) 1 Heydar Aliyev prospekti, Bakı 1033
Grand opening –Video Concert “Timeless Spirit of Heritage”
The 7 themes: Gobustan; Ateshgah -The Fire Temple; Poetry of Nasimi; Dancing Heart; Carpets; Shirvanshah’s Palace; Novruz; Shaki - Khan Palace
* The Heydar Aliyev Center is a 57,500 m² building complex in Baku, Azerbaijan designed by Iraqi-British architect Zaha Hadid and noted for its distinctive architecture and flowing, curved style that eschews sharp angles.
Monday 1 July 2019 10:00~13:00 / 15:00~18:00
WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Forty third session
Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan @Baku Convention center
Item 2~ Item 5E:
Adoption of the agenda / Reports; Rapporteur; outcomes of the ad-hoc Working Group; WH Center activities; Messages from the YHPF; Advisory Bodies (ICOMOS, ICCROM, IUCN)’; WH Convention & SDG; dialogue btw AVB & SP
Tuesday 2 July 2019 10:00~13:00 / 15:00~18:00
WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Forty third session
Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan @Baku Convention center
Item 5E ~ Item 7A:
Report: Strengthening of dialogue btw AVB & SP (cont’d); Statement of the 3rd WH Site Managers’ forum; Reactive Monitoring Review; Climate Change; Mass tourism
Item 7 State of the conservation of WH Properties; Item 7A State of the conservation of the properties inscribed in the List of World Heritage in Danger
13:10~14:30 Side event: The Challenges of World Heritage recovery / Cultural Heritage Recovery - Challenges and Threats, Ministry of Culture and National Heritage, National Heritage Board of Poland
18:30~20:00 Side event: Conservation and Regeneration of World Heritage Cities, 40 years of
Engagement by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture
Moderator: Francesco Bandarin
Speaker: Luis Monreal (AKDN); Farrockh Derakhshani (Director of Aga Kahn Award for Architecture); Kamran Rashari (Director General at Walled City of Lahore Authority); Mahmoud Hamoud ( Allepo)
News:
The site of the Birthplace of Jesus in Bethlehem (Palestine) removed from the List of World Heritage in Danger Tuesday, 2 July 2019
The Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works site (Chile), removed from the List of World Heritage in Danger Tuesday, 2 July 2019
Wednesday 3 July 2019 10:00~13:00 / 15:00~18:00
WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Forty third session
Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan @Baku Convention center
Item 7A ~ Item 7B State of conservation of properties inscribed on the World Heritage List
~ 43 COM 7B.67 Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi (Kazakhstan) (C1103)
SOC report: major Issues be discussed:
43 COM 7B.3 The Sundarbans (Bangladesh) (N 798)
43 COM 7B.12 Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park (Viet Nam) (N 951bis)
43 COM 7B.26 Islands and Protected Areas of the Gulf of California (Mexico) (N 1182ter)
43 COM 7B.56 Temple Zone of Sambor Prei Kuk, Archaeological Site of Ancient Ishanapura (Cambodia) (C 1532)
43 COM 7B.67 Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi (Kazakhstan) (C1103)
Intervention (43 COM 7B.67)
UIA Statement at the 43rd session of WHC / 3 July 2019
In-Souk Cho, Architect from the Republic of Korea, Rizvan Bayaramov, Architect from Azerbaijan, we are the International Co-Directors of UIA Work Programme for Heritage.
On behalf of International Union of Architects, let us convey this statement:
Noting the State of Conservation reports, we are witnessing a growing number of threats to urban heritage and heritage in an urban context and which need to be addressed in a multi-disciplinary framework. Recognising the complexities for the safeguarding of urban heritage and the successful application of the approach of 2011 Historic Urban Landscape Recommendation, the International Union of Architects wanting to encourage creativity and innovation in our cities while protecting the OUV of World Heritage sites, offers to develop, in full cooperation with the World Heritage Centre and the Advisory Bodies, guidelines for architectural competitions in and around World Heritage properties in urban areas that will protect their Outstanding Universal Value and contribute to target 11.4 of the Sustainable Development Goals and the New Urban Agenda by giving "heritage a function in the life of the community and (to) integrate the protection of that heritage into comprehensive planning programmes".
Mdm. Chairperson, thank you very much for giving us a chance to speak on behalf of International Union of Architects. (In-Souk Cho)
13:10~14:00 Side event: Rethinking Impact Assessment: Case of Istanbul
News:
The Islands and Protected Areas of the Gulf of California (Mexico) inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger Wednesday, 3 July 2019
World Heritage Committee adopts by consensus decisions on the Middle East Wednesday, 3 July 2019
* Private invitation: Qala (Gala) Archaeological and Ethnographic Museum Complex
Dinner @ a traditional village house (under the vine)
Thursday 4 July 2019 10:00~13:00 / 15:00~18:00
WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Forty third session
Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan @Baku Convention center
Item 7B State of conservation of properties inscribed on the World Heritage List
SOC reports discussed:
43 COM 7B.70 Kathmandu Valley (Nepal) (C 121bis) -working group
43 COM 7B.72 Fort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore (Pakistan) (C 171)
43 COM 7B.73 Historical Monuments at Makli, Thatta (Pakistan) (C 143)
** 43 COM 7B.33 Kenya Lake System in the Great Rift Valley (Kenya) (N 1060rev) -re reviewed
43 COM 7B. 77 Samarkand – Crossroad of Cultures (Uzbekistan) (C 603rev)
**43 COM 7B.3 The Sundarbans (Bangladesh) (N 798) – re reviewed
43 COM 7B. 81 Ancient City of Nessebar (Bulgaria) (C 217)
43 COM 7B. 98 Historic Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso (Chile) (C 959rev)
43 COM 7B. 103 Royal Palaces of Abomey (Benin) (C 323bis)
43 COM 7B. 107 Lamu Old Town (Kenya) (C 1055)
43 COM 7B. 111 Fossil Hominid Sites of South Africa (South Africa) (C 915bis)
**43 COM 7B.70 Kathmandu Valley (Nepal) (C 121bis)
Side events:
13:10~14:00 Side event: German Word Heritage Foundation – Living international cooperation, National German Commission for UNECO
14:10~15:00 Side event: 2020 Update of the IUCN World Heritage Outlook, IUCN
18:30~20:00 Side event: Communicating World Heritage - World Heritage Information and Visitor Centres, National Comission of Austria to UNESCO
Friday 5 July 2019 10:00~13:00 / 15:00~18:00
WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Forty third session
Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan @Baku Convention center
Part I Changes to names of properties inscribed on the World Heritage List
43 COM 8B.1 Rangiri Dambulla Cave Temple (Sri Lanka)
43 COM 8B.2 Kiev: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kiev-Pechersk Lavra (Ukraina)
Part II Examination of nominations of natural, mixed and cultural sites to the World Heritage List
Sites inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List
Natural Sites inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List
43 COM 8B.3 Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China (Phase I) (China) / N / (ix) (x) / D→I
43 COM 8B.4 Hyrcanian Forests (Islamic Republic of Iran) N / (ix) (x)
43 COM 8B.6 French Austral Lands and Seas (France) N / (vii) (ix) (x)
43 COM 8B.8 Vatnajökull National Park - dynamic nature of fire and ice (Iceland) / N / (viii)
Mixed Site
43 COM 8B.10 Paraty and ilha Grande – Culture and Biodiversity (Brazil) M / (v) (x)
Extension:
43 COM 8B.9 Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region (Albania) [extension of “Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region”, North Macedonia]
Cultural Sites inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List / 05 July 2019
43 COM 8B.11 Ancient Ferrous Metallurgy Sites of Burkina Faso (Burkina Faso) C / (iii) (iv) (vi)
43 COM 8B.13 Babylon (Iraq) C / (iii) (vi)
Side events:
13:10~15:00 Side event: Heritage Interpretation for Reconciliation of Cultures
20:00 ~ 22:30 Cultural event at the Heydar Aliyev Palace
The National Ensemble of Ancient Traditional Musical Instruments give a concert at Heydar Aliyev Palace on July 5.
Friday 5 July 2019 Understanding other culture
20:00 ~ 22:30 Cultural event at the Heydar Aliyev Palace
The National Ensemble of Ancient Traditional Musical Instruments give a concert at Heydar Aliyev Palace on July 5.
The artistic director and accompanist of the ensemble is the People's artist of Azerbaijan Munis Sharifov. People's Artist Teyyub Aslanov and Honored Artist Nuriyya Huseynova perform at the event, Trend Life reported. The music pieces of the Middle Ages, Azerbaijani folk and oriental songs sound at the concert.
Heydar Aliyev Palace (Azeri: Heydər Əliyev Adına Saray, also known as Baku Palace, formerly Republic Palace (Respublika Sarayı) and during the Soviet era known as Lenin Palace (Лeнин aдынa) is the main music venue of Baku, Azerbaijan, seating 2,500 people. The palace was renamed after the death of Azerbaijani President Heydar Aliyev in 2003. Alish Lemberanskiy was the designer and main visioner of the palace.
It is a concert complex where state events are held alongside cultural programs. The concert hall of the palace is considered to be the biggest scene in the republic. (Wikipedia)
* Architect: Lemberanskiy Alish Jamil oglu
Alish Lambaranski (Azeri: Əliş Cəmil oğlu Ləmbəranski) (May 10, 1914 in Lambaran, Karabakh region – May 1, 1999 in Baku) was a Soviet and Azerbaijani statesman and mayor of Baku.
Saturday 6 July 2019 10:00~13:00 / 15:00~18:00
WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Forty third session
Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan @Baku Convention center
Cultural Sites inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List / 06 July 2019
Arab States
10 Bahrain Dilmun Burial Mounds / I / 43 COM 8B.12 (1100th property) / C / (iii) (iv)
12 Australia Budj Bim Cultural Landscape / I / 43 COM 8B.14 / C / (iii) (v)
Asia and Pacific
13 China Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City / I / 43 COM 8B.15 / C / (iii) (iv)
14 India Jaipur City, Rajasthan / D→I / 43 COM 8B.16 / C / (ii) (iv) (vi)
15 Indonesia Ombilin Coal Mining Heritage of Sawahlunto / I / 43 COM 8B.17 / C / (ii) (iv)
16 Japan Mozu-Furuichi Kofun Group: Mounded Tombs of Ancient Japan / I / 43 COM 8B.18 / C / (iii) (iv)
17 Lao People's Democratic Republic: Megalithic Jar Sites in Xiengkhuang – Plain of Jars / I / 43 COM 8B.19 / C / (iii)
18 Myanmar Bagan / I / 43 COM 8B.20 / C / (iii) (iv) (vi)
19 Republic of Korea Seowon, Korean Neo-Confucian Academies / I / 43 COM 8B.21 / C / (iii)
Europe and North America
23 Canada Writing-on-Stone / Áísínai’pi / I / 43 COM 8B.25 / C / (iii)
24 Czechia / Germany Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region / I / 43 COM 8B.26 / C / (ii) (iii) (iv)
25 Czechia Landscape for Breeding and Training of Ceremonial Carriage Horses at Kladruby nad Labem / R→I / 43 COM 8B.27 / C / (iv) (v) *1111st site inscribed
26 Germany Water Management System of Augsburg / I / 43 COM 8B.28 / C / (ii) (iv)
27 Poland Krzemionki prehistoric striped flint mining region / R→I / 43 COM 8B.29 / C / (iii) (iv)
Side events:
13:10~15:00 Side event: Building Peace through Heritage with the Life Beyond Tourism Movement by the Romualdo Del Bianco Foundation (Florence Italy)
13:10~14:30 Side event: Sharing and caring: World Heritage Nomination Project in Africa by / WHCenter / Africal WH Fund / ICCROM / Chinese National Commission for UNESCO / National Heritage Ccenter of Tsinghua University
18:30~21:00 Cultural event at the International Mugham Center
Jazz concert – Malian musician Chieck Tidiane SECK and the Azerbaijani Jazz Group directed by Salman GAMBAROV
6 July 2019 understanding other culture
18:30~21:00 Cultural event at the International Mugham Center
Jazz concert – Malian musician Chieck Tidiane SECK and the Azerbaijani Jazz Group directed by Salman GAMBAROV
* the International Mugham Center / the Heydar Aliyev Foundation.
The Mugham Center was built on initiative of the First Lady of Azerbaijan, Mehriban Aliyeva. Mugham is a genre included in the representative list of the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
The design of the building was based on the elements and shapes of the tar, an Azeri musical instrument used in performing mugham. Furthermore, the center was commenced on the base of the architecture works of the Vahid Tansu, Xauddin Yayk and Etirne Ahmed.
The center covers 7,500 square meters and has 3 stories.
Sunday 7 July 2019 10:00~13:00 / 15:00~18:00
WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Forty third session
Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan @Baku Convention center
Cultural Sites inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List / 07 July 2019
28 Portugal Royal Building of Mafra – Palace, Basilica, Convent, Cerco Garden and Hunting Park (Tapada) / R→I / 43 COM 8B.30 / C / (iv)
29 Portugal Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte in Braga / R→I / 43 COM 8B.31 / (iv)
30 Russian Federation Monuments of Ancient Pskov / I / 43 COM 8B.32 / C / (ii)
31 Spain Risco Caido and the Sacred Mountains of Gran Canaria Cultural Landscape / I / 43 COM 8B.33 / (iii) (v)
33 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Jodrell Bank Observatory / I / 43 COM 8B.35 / (i) (ii) (iv) (vi)
34 Azerbaijan Historic Centre of Sheki with the Khan’s Palace / N→I / 43 COM 8B.36 /
35 Italy Le Colline del Prosecco di Conegliano a Valdobbiadene / I / 43 COM 8B.37/ (v)
36 United States of America The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright / I / 43 COM 8B.38 / I / (ii)
MINOR BOUNDARY MODIFICATIONS
The Statements of Outstanding Universal Value
Side events:
13:30~14:15 Side event: Introducing the ICOMOS2020 General Assembly -Sydney
14:15~15:15 Side even: 3rd Cycle Periodic Reporting Exercise Periodic Reporting for the Asia and Pacific Region
18:30~21:00 side event: The World Heritage Policy Compendium and its online tool
