Capital City Planning of the Nguyen Dynasty in Vietnam

베트남 응우옌왕조의 도성계획

Capital City Planning of the Nguyen Dynasty in Vietnam

동남아시아연구

2007, vol.17, no.1, pp. 171-191 (21 pages)

DOI : 10.21652/kaseas.17.1.200702.171

UCI : G704-000022.2007.17.1.006

발행기관 : 한국동남아학회

연구분야 : 사회과학 > 지역학

강성원(와세다대학교) 외

In the early 19th century, the Nguyen Dynasty (1802-1945), the last Vietnamese monarchy, was established in a region on the southern border of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912), China. This new Dynasty follows the way of ruling a nation and a concept of constructing a capital city from China. On the other hand, the Nguyen Dynasty also adopted the Vauban Style, a well- established style of fortification in Europe, for the construction of the outermost enclosure of its capital city.

This paper explains a description of the capital city in historical documents of Dai Nam Nhat Thong Chi (大南一統志) and Dai Nam Hoi Dien Su Le (大南會典事例). In addition, this paper shows historic records of the capital city of the Nguyen dynasty in the 19th century and a basic arrangement based on a satellite photograph so that we can understand the present situation and the description of the Bulletin des Amis du Vieux Hue (B.A.V.H.), that is, the French documents compiled during French territorial colony period. The capital city planning of ‘Thua Tien Phu’ Hue (承天府) and the arrangement were carried out under the influence of the grid system and the Vanban style, and the possibility can be suggested that the royal palace, the street and the walls were united in the plan idea.

Furthermore, this paper focuses on dimensions in the site planning of the capital city. Especially, we aim to analyze the relative positions of main components of the capital city (walls, streets, Imperial City, Imperial Canal, etc.) with historic sources, and measurement data from our original field survey.